What Is a CPCV and Why It’s Needed When Buying Property in Portugal
The Preliminary Sale and Purchase Agreement (Contrato-Promessa de Compra e Venda, or CPCV) is a binding legal document signed by the parties before the final deed of sale for real estate in Portugal. It records the key terms of the deal, such as the agreed price, deadlines, obligations of the parties, and potential penalties for breach. For many foreign buyers, this is their first official step toward purchasing property in the country, which is why it’s important to approach it with maximum care.
A CPCV is binding — this means that both parties must fulfill its terms. After signing, neither side can withdraw from the agreement without consequences. If the buyer cancels the deal, the deposit is usually forfeited; if the seller breaches the terms, they must return double the deposit. This is why a preliminary contract analysis is essential — it helps protect you from unpleasant consequences.
Why It’s Important to Analyze the CPCV Before Signing
Reviewing a CPCV is a necessary precaution and a smart step, especially for foreigners buying from abroad. The document may contain hidden risks, such as:
- Unfavorable terms for the buyer;
- Disproportionate penalties for breach of obligations;
- Vague or ambiguous clauses;
- Failure to account for specific features of the property or transaction.
Without legal review, such issues can easily be overlooked or misinterpreted, which may result in financial losses or complications when registering property.
What Risks Can Be Hidden in a Preliminary Agreement
Even a standard-looking CPCV may contain legal risks that are hard to spot without professional review. The most common include:
- Missing references to existing encumbrances on the property;
- Penalty clauses that unfairly favor the seller;
- Unclear or unevenly distributed responsibilities;
- Terms that cannot be fulfilled in practice;
- Clauses with documents that are not defined or attached.
Legal review of the preliminary sale and purchase agreement allows you to detect such issues in time and correct them before the contract becomes binding and enforceable.
What’s Included in CPCV Review Service
The CPCV review service includes a comprehensive legal analysis of the contract content, which covers:
- Examination of each clause for compliance with Portuguese law;
- Identification of risks and ambiguities;
- Assessment of balance and fairness of conditions;
- Review of the seller’s obligations toward the buyer;
- Risk mitigation recommendations tailored to the client;
- Review of documents attached to the contract.
We also provide a professional translation of the contract (if it is only in Portuguese), or at minimum a written explanation of the key provisions.
Who Especially Benefits from CPCV Review
CPCV analysis is especially important if:
- You are a foreigner purchasing property in Portugal for the first time;
- You are unfamiliar with the local legal system;
- You want to conduct the transaction safely without unnecessary risks;
- You are buying remotely, without personal presence.
If you are buying from a private seller or construction company, it is especially important to check the preliminary agreement — this is the stage where the majority of risks are usually hidden.
What Determines the Cost of the Service
The cost of analyzing a preliminary sale and purchase agreement (CPCV) depends on:
- The volume and complexity of the document;
- The presence of appendices (e.g. floor plans or side agreements);
- The level of legal risk and ambiguity in the text;
- The urgency and timeline for the analysis.
We can confirm the final cost only after reviewing the contract — we evaluate the scope of work before starting cooperation.
Are Custom Terms Possible
Yes, we take an individual approach in each case. Depending on the client’s needs, the service may include only review and recommendations or also clarifications of the CPCV content. We work in several languages and are ready to adjust the work format — for example, prepare a written summary, conduct consultations via video call, or meet with you at a convenient time.
Why Clients Choose MoveToCascais
Clients choose MoveToCascais thanks to our deep experience in real estate in Portugal and our professional legal approach. We know local laws, common schemes involving foreigners, and hidden wording that may create problems in the future.
- We speak your language — Russian, Ukrainian, English, and Portuguese.
- Our team includes lawyers focused specifically on real estate deals.
- We act only in the interests of the client — no hidden motives.
- We explain clearly, provide detailed guidance, and work at a high professional level.